Absolutism and Limited Government essays

Absolutism and Limited Government essays Thomas Hobbes and John Locke set up the basis for the two major forms of government in the 17th century. Hobbes believed that the only successful government would be an absolute monarchy. Locke believed in a limited monarchy form of government. Both of these systems were practiced over many years preceding their writings. The purpose of their writings was to explain why those forms of government are legitimate. Both theories begin with the same basic assumptions, however their conclusions differ greatly. Their opinions were heavily influenced by the general felling of people towards the government of that time. The foundation of both of these theories is identical. Man without government will never prosper. They differ in that Hobbes seems to have believed that man by nature is constantly in a state of war. He believed that men need government in order to feel safe. He explains that without government there is no justice and injustice. Locke has a less severe opinion on human nature. He believed that man needs government in order to accumulate wealth. Fundamentally both of these theories claim that man needs to be governed. They then continue by explaining that government is formed out of peoples agreement to form a covenant. This covenant takes away their absolute freedom in exchange for their safety. In order for the covenant to be valid and its laws to be followed, power must be abdicated to some greater power. It is on the matter of what form this greater power should take where these two theories diverge. Hobbes was concerned with restoring peace and order to England. He believed that the only way to do this was through absolute monarchy. He believed that distributing the power among several leaders would not solve the problem. This would simply put them at war with each other. Abdicating all the power to one sovereign who remains in the state of nature ele ...

Admissions Essay -Homeland Security

Self Assesment/Admissions Essay -Homeland Security Free Online Research Papers I have always been intrigued by studying different topics related to Law Enforcement, specifically in the area of Homeland Security. I have taken many courses over the past 19 years relating to or touching the surface on issues surrounding 911 and Homeland Security. I find myself wanting to look deeper into these issues. I am seeking admissions into this program for the following reasons. I want to learn in depth about the issues we have faced as a nation, and the issues we will be faced with in the future regarding Homeland Security. I have been waiting on the right time in my life to start my Master’s Program, and it is finally the right time. I am looking forward to the challenges of research. I would like to continue to advance myself and my career, and a Master’s Degree will assist my endeavor. I am committed to my family, and setting examples for my children to follow. I always push my children to do more, and this is another way to show them there are no limits if you’re willing to give 100%. My background in Law Enforcement will make the transition into this program very smooth for me. I decided to go back to College in 1993 to finish my Bachelors Degree. I finished my degree from Saint Leo University in 1995, graduating with honors (CUM LAUDE). I have taken many courses dealing directly with Homeland Security, and Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). I am incident Command Certified (ICS), and have taken numerous courses relating to ICS structure. I personally have handled large scale events relating to disasters and security. I have been responsible for several successful presidential escorts. I feel my future contributions relating to Homeland Security center around drug trafficking efforts and training of our Law Enforcement members. I feel many parallels exist between drug trafficking activity and terrorism. Why have we not closed off our borders to drug smuggling? What implications might this have for terrorists or others who may wish to import a Weapon of Mass Destruction (WMD) into our country? Has there been a large scale impact on home-grown/manufactured drugs? While there is sure to be debate regarding the answers to these questions, most can agree that drugs remain abundantly available and an important reason our jails are overcrowded. Criminals respond to technology by using any means at their disposal, ranging from low tech mules which sacrifice one, knowing that 9 others will get through. Drug cartels have penetrated foreign governments and corrupted officials worldwide, well-financed terrorists have done the same. It would be naive to think that officials or lower level government personnel in Colombia, Afghanistan, Mexico, and a dozen other countries that may be corrupt, only sell advance information about government operations against drug cartel activity while not selling information about operations against terrorist groups. Policies are bound to fail if they ignore important social forces. Important lessons for the counter-terrorism community may lie in the Governments response to the drug trade and the way the government is organizationally structured to respond to the activities of drug trafficking organizations. Law Enforcement training must include better command, control, and coordination of policy and its funding and implementation (overall program responsibility). The enhanced effectiveness will not come from organizational structure alone. Law Enforcement training must be sensitive to ever-changing social, religious, and political phenomena spanning the globe; must be proactive, not reactive; and must keep abreast of evolving or revolutionary new technologies. One of the main challenges today for Law Enforcement is finding a way to eliminate the illegal activity for terrorist groups. If you can eliminate the illegal activity, you will impact the funding source for these various groups. Illegal drug money funds terrorist organizations and activities. The terrorists point to our willingness to consume these drugs as direct evidence of our society’s moral degeneracy. Law Enforcement needs to be vigilant in its efforts to thwart drug trafficking in the United States. Having a better understanding of Homeland Security and the challenges we face as a nation, will enable me to better understand what lies ahead. The area I am currently responsible for is considered a rural area. I have worked in metropolitan areas in the past, and they pose different challenges than my current assignment. In a rural area there is more opportunity for terrorists to blend into the community. Additionally, there are more opportunities for large scale organizations to set up and run a grow house or lab that would be difficult to detect. I am utilizing aircraft operations to combat some of these issues, as well as focusing on neighborhood watch groups to report suspicious activity. These basic and simple techniques have proven to be successful in combating these types of behavior within our community. The area I currently work in did not have a large scale multi-jurisdictional co-op plan in place prior to 2005. I was instrumental in implementing and writing this plan for the tri-county area. We have a working plan to deal with terrorist threats, natural or manmade disasters, and large scale mobilizations. In Ma y 2001, we experienced a long draught within Dade County. A large scale fire developed, and we had to execute our co-op plan. The 17 day fire detail worked flawlessly. In August 2002 we experienced a tornado in Dade County. Again, we utilized our plan and our efforts proved to be successful. Whether it is a large scale disaster or terrorist threat, I am confident in my ability as a Law Enforcement manager to oversee and collaborate with any agency to make the detail a success. This program will provide me with the resources I need to better understand Homeland Security. I plan to utilize this knowledge to share the information learned with those I command. In conclusion, I would like to thank those on the selection committee for allowing me the opportunity to apply for this program. I look forward to the learning and growing opportunity that this program will offer. Research Papers on Self Assesment/Admissions Essay -Homeland SecurityThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceOpen Architechture a white paperInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andStandardized TestingIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalGenetic EngineeringAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

Christopher Columbus- The Discovery (1992) Movie Review

Christopher Columbus- The Discovery (1992) - Movie Review Example Christopher Columbus proposed to the then king of Portugal John the Second in 1485 that he financially supports him in his voyage to the Atlantic in order for him to discover new lands. Christopher Columbus had been searching for financial support from various nations but in vain. The main reason why he lacked support was due to the fact that the Roman Catholic Church was against his voyages. This was a hardship for Christopher Columbus since the Roman Catholic had a lot of influence hence them being against him meant financial support from rulers would be difficult. The king John the second’s advisors rejected Columbus’ proposal. However, the Roman Catholic gave Columbus 12,000 Maravedis as an annual allowance in their effort to ensure that if Columbus made any discoveries then there was a possibility of the church claiming their rights on the lands. It was not until 1492 that Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand agreed to sponsor Christopher Columbus in his voyage though they did this partly together with Italian investors (Brigham 24). In the agreement, Columbus was to be named Admiral of the ocean, and in all the lands that he discovered he was to be named the governor and viceroy of all these lands. Plot and Theme The film is about Christopher Columbus who is a navigator from Genoa with a dream to make sure he finds another route to West Indies since the route that is being used is particularly long hence very costly. The route in which he desires to discover is believed to be short involving sailing towards the west rather than east through the ocean. Christopher Columbus tries to get backing from the Portuguese king who rejects his proposal. He then turns to the king and queen of Spain Isabella and Ferdinand. Christopher Columbus faces a hard time convincing the man who is King Ferdinand’s lead advisor. However, Christopher Columbus is able to convince the king to fund him in his expedition after seducing the queen who helps in convinci ng her husband. Christopher Columbus is given command of three ships with a crew composed of mainly thieves and murderers who are the only people who can agree to undertake such a journey since it was dimmed to be dangerous and impossible. Christopher Columbus also faces a lot of opposition from the church especially from the priest who accuses him of going against God’s wishes because he advises Columbus not to go hence that is God’s Wish. In the film, Christopher Columbus faces a lot of challenges the church being the major problem. This is because, the church has a lot of influence hence what it directs is followed by everyone. Christopher Columbus decision to continue in his quest of finding an alternative route to the West Indies attracts a lot of hostility from both the church and other government officials hence his problem in getting the necessary finance needed to undertake the journey. Christopher Columbus also faces problems in his navigation of waters which are new to him. His ships are almost sunk by storms, and he even loses members of his crew. Christopher also faces a lot of hardship in controlling and maintaining discipline among his crew members who are mostly thieves and murderers. For instance, while at sea a mutiny takes place as a result of some men feeling that they are lost and Christopher Columbus will only lead them to their destruction. Columbus is also being spied on by Portugal which sends a spy to pose as one of

SLP 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SLP 4 - Essay Example The concept of skills gaping is also important in the organization in that it helps the management to identify the tasks that require a variety of skills. Skill variety is known as the degree to which the job involves many different work activities or requires several skills and talents (Jackson & Schuler, 2000). The management may be in a position to fine tune the skills of the employees in order to improve their competencies. This also helps the management to identify the gap in the required skills among the employees that may need to be filled. On the other hand, this process also helps the management to recruit the right people with the right skills for certain tasks in the organization. The performance of the organization as a whole is improved if the workers have the requisite skills to perform a variety of tasks. During my course of work, I have seen this process used. I worked in the marketing department during my previous employment and I have realised that there are a number of skills required by different people in order for them to perform different work tasks. For instance, people with good verbal communication skills were assigned tasks that mainly dealt with customer issues. These people would deal directly with the customers and other stakeholders. On the other hand, people who had good technical skills such as computer knowledge were given tasks such as customer database maintenance and management. These people were also responsible for computing data obtained from online marketing research carried in the company. In order to apply this process in the work environment, it is important to identify the skills possessed by the employees and the skills needed to perform different tasks in the organization. This helps the responsible authorities to assign people with the right skills to perform certain tasks in the organisation. This also helps to minimise

Stereotypes of African American Women in Film Essay

Stereotypes of African American Women in Film - Essay Example In film, the seductive and worldly imagery of the African American woman has endured. While more empowered positions have been created over time with race relations slowly repairing and providing for a less judgmental view on the African American woman, the films of the early twentieth century reveal the story of how she was viewed. Through the work of Lena Horne and Dorothy Dandridge, the stereotypes can be seen, but explored with a deeper complexity that was brought to the roles because of the presentations that Horne and Dandridge brought to their work. In many ways, the work that was done by Lena Horne and Dorothy Dandridge broke some of the stereotypes that had been most prevalent about African American women. Horne stated of her position in Hollywood that â€Å"They didn’t make me into a maid†¦but they didn’t make me into anything else either. I became a butterfly pinned to a column singing away in Movieland† (Bogle, 2001, p. 127). She came across as w holesome a problem for the sex-object roles that she was given. Because of her nature, she was not seen as a â€Å"slutty† character, but was engaging as an alluring woman who flirted and teased, rather than performed acts that would diminish her nature. She was elegant and poised, thus creating sophisticated presence. In this, her roles created a sense of broken stereotypes, the women she portrayed not the average that was promoted during her time. Horne’s portrayal of Georgia Brown in Cabin in the Sky never broke through to representing a woman of ill-repute. Bogle describes her work as â€Å"startling freshness and untainted wholesome beauty† from both Cabin in the Sky (1943) and Stormy Weather (1942). Her role in Stormy Weather, made her an â€Å"object of contemplation, rather than one of possession† (Bogle, 2001, p. 127). In Cabin in the Sky, she is positioned as an instrument of Lucifer, but she brings a complexity as she never fully slips into the state of a tainted woman. In Stormy Weather, puts Horne in context with the music industry of the early 20th century. She represents an ambitious, but desirable woman who is seeking a career over love. This representation broke with the traditions of both women and African American women, her desires for something beyond an immediate gratification not a familiar stereotype. One of the problems with Cabin in the Sky was that it was set in a familiar type of fantastical setting in which there was an ideal ‘otherness’ in which African Americans lived. This concept suggested that while their lives were separate, they did not suffer from segregation, but flourished in communities that were just out there somewhere (Bugle, 2001, p. 131). Where Cabin in the Sky created an unrealistic domestic space, Stormy Weather created a somewhat unrealistic professional space in which African Americans experienced their lives. The film was an example of wartime escapism, providing an unre alistic world in which to experience a diversion from the seriousness of the nature of life during the war. Both of these films, however, were ground-breaking as they each had fully African American casts, the diversity of the roles within those films providing for a better exploration of African American life. Two roles that Horne greatly desired, ended up being given to Dorothy Dandridge. The role of both Carmen Jones (1954) and Jane Richards in Bright Road (1953) were given to Dandridge over Horne. Where Horne exuded a ‘

Fasciola Hepatica: Treatment and Prevention

Fasciola Hepatica: Treatment and Prevention INTRODUCTION   Fascioliasis is a helminthic disease caused by Fasciola Hepatica (liver fluke), which spans worldwide, affecting livestock such as cattle and sheep, which become infected by ingesting water or plants such as watercress, lettuce and spinach (Alatoom et al, 2008). The life cycle of Facisola Hepatica begins when eggs are excreted in the feces of an animal which has been infected. Facisola Hepatica Miricidia move on to its intermediate host (freshwater Lymnaea snail), where it develops into the cercarial form. The Cercariae then leave the snail and encyst on the vegetation of fresh water, until developing into its metacercarial stage. Grazing sheep or cattle ingest the metacercariae, the infective form excyst in the intestine, passing through the peritoneum, later gaining access to the live and bilary tree (Alatoom et al, 2008). Due to migration of the liver flukes, the liver is left necrotized which compromises the function of the liver in animals. These complications may include change in the component of blood, hepatic pathogenesis, liver trauma, decreased lactation, and death (Brennan et al, 2008). Fascioliasis has resulted in a significant loss to farmers and inturn affects the economy as a whole. To control the parasites which cause this disease, treatments such as anthelmintic drugs have been employed in some areas. But as with most drugs problems have arisen, most importantly the development of resistant in parasites to the chemical drugs (Anandaraj et al). This review paper will cover different treatments available for fasciola hepatica, how the parasites have developed a resistance to the available treatment, and new methods in which researchers are trying to combat the drug resistant parasites. Citronella oil and Neem oil For Treatment Anthelmintic drugs have been used to control fasicoliasis disease, but there has been concern over parasites and developing resistance to the drugs. Citronella oil which is collected from dried grass of the species Cymbopogan nardus, and Neem oil which is also collect from dried seeds of the species Azadirachta indic (Anandaraj et al). Experiment were conducted in vitro, exposing the liver flukes to Citronella oil, neem oil, oxyclozanide drug powder treated control and normal RPMI-1640 control at room temperature, in separate petri-dishes. After staining of the dead flukes, flukes were observed under a microscope. Results demonstrated that citronella oil demonstrate flukicidal effect which is very similar to that of oxyclozanide, which affects the tegument, intestinal caeca and uterus of the flukes. But due to no previous study of the effects of these oils on endoparasites , the mechanism by which these oils react to the parasites in not understood (Anandaraj et al). Triclabendazole Drug Treatment Triclabendazole is a drug derived of benzimidazole and is the current drug of choice in the treatment of fascioliasis. Triclabendazole has shown to target Fasciola Hepatica (liver flukes) from as early as 3 days old to fully mature stage, and more importantly, this drug has been shown to successfully eradicate liver fluke infections in humans. (Brennan et al, 2008). For this experiment Eight indoor-reared Dorset X Suffolk sheep approximately 8 to 10 months of age, with no prior liver fluke infection were collected. Sheep stool was examined for fluke eggs to ensure no prior infection to the Fasciola hepatica. The sheep were then artificially infected by oral gavage with metacercarial cysts, which have previously shown to be susceptible to the Triclabendazole drug. Dividing the sheep into two groups, two sheep were used as a control received no treatment, while six were treated with Triclabendazole four weeks after artificial infection. (Brennan et al, 2008). At each time interval 48, 72, and 96 hours, two sheep were euthanized and livers removed for examination and collection of liver flukes, this was also done for control sheep, which were euthanized after 48 hour post treatment. Visual observation demonstrated that liver flukes in the untreated sheep very active with their guts full of contents. Flukes recovered from the treated sheep after 48 hours of treatment were active and clear sign of visible contents in the gut of the liver flukes. When compared to the liver flukes of the control, these showed no differences in appearance and activity. Liver flukes recovered from sheep after 72 hours of treatment were all dead with no gut contents, except for one which displayed minimal activity and little contents in the gut. Liver flukes recovered 96 hours from sheep post-treatment were all dead, displaying a very pale grey color, with no contents within the gut (Brennan et al, 2008) It was observed that the effects of the drug progressive overtime time, affecting the flukes more severely as time passed. On observation of the liver flukes recovered 48 hours post treatment, normal morphology was noted, there was some minor swelling of the parasites tegument. On examination of the surface morphology of the dead liver flukes from sheep treated at 96 hours post-treatment, the surface of the parasites were very serve and extensive. This Included massive loss of tegument in all flukes, the basal lamina of the fluke was exposed as the entire syncytical layer had been decorticated. Lesions exposing the inner tissues of the fluke were also observed in the basal lamina. (Brennan et al, 2008) Researchers therefore concluded that treatment with Triclabendazole is effective in eradicating a vast majority of liver flukes in sheepwithin a three to four day period after treatment. The severity of the disruption of the parasites tegument increased over time, resulting in the total loss of tegumental syncytium and lesions as deep as the basal lamina (Brennan et al, 2008). One draw back of this drug is that is is prohibited in the use of animals that produce cheese intended for feeding humans (Cringoli et al, 2006). Parasite Drug Resistance and Development of New Treatment With Triciabendazole being the drug of choice for the treatment of fasciola hepatia in vetenary medicine, due to the drugs ability to fight against both juvenile and adult stages of fasciola hepatica. Over time concerns have stirred up over Triciabendazole resistant fasciola hepatia, which were first observed in Australian livestock though the mid-1990à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s, and has now spread across Europe and most recently, Spain. The need to develop new drugs to treat fascioliasis has become a pressing issue. Some researchers have experimented with OZ78 and Artemether for the reactivity against adult fasciola hepatia resistant to Triciabendazole (Keiser et al, 2007). 30 rats were infected with 20-25 metacercarial cyst of Oberon. Oberon was reported to have low cure rates in sheep treated with Triciabendazole. 10 rats were then infected with 20-25 metacercarial cyst of cullompton isolates. Cullompton isolates were previously identified as Triciabendazole-sensitive. 12-15 weeks after infection, rats infected with Oberon isolate were treated with Artemether and OZ78. Two groups of rats were treated with triciabenazole in different dosages, and six treated with artemether and OZ78, with untreated rats as a control. Four of the rats infected with cullompton isolate were treated with triclabenazole, and six of the rats treated with cullompton isolate remained untreated with no drugs, serving as a control. 17 days after treatment, rats were euthanized and bile ducts were harvested for observation (Keiser et al, 2007). Collected results demonstrates that Triclabendazole was not suffiecient against Triclabendazole-resistant Oberon isolate of Fasiola hepatica. Though at higher dosage there was a significant worm burden reduction observed. Both Artemether and OZ78 were very effective in treating Triclabendazole-resistant isolate of Fasiola hepatica, both resulting in worm burden reduction by 100%. (Keiser et al, 2007). Efficacy and safety of New Treatment Due to promising action of artemether against liver flukes in rat models, researchers have found it necessary to study the efficacy and safety of this drug in which have been naturally unfected with fasciola hepatica (Keiser et al, 2008). Using Dairy sheep from farms in southern italy, stool samples were collect from 100 sheep, which were randomly selected. All sheep tested positive for fasciola hepatica were used in the study, with an overall collection and examination of 5 stool samples. Sheep were separated in groups depending on their weight and mean eggs count. Group one containing seven sheep remain untreated, groups two and three, containing six sheep each where orally treated with one dose of arthemether at 40 and 80 mg/kg, the last three groups four, five and six, each containing 5 sheep received 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg respectively intramuscular injections of artemether. The sheep were observed for any signs of adverse effects for a period of 8 hours, and once daily after treatment. On days 10 and 27 three to four stool samples were collected for examination for egg burden. All sheep were then slaughtered, removing livers and harvesting and counting fasciola hepatica present. Sheep exhibited no physical or clinical signs of toxicity after being treated orally or intramuscularly 8 hours post treatment. Researchers found that statistically there was no significant reduction in egg count in either oral or intermuscular drug administration, except for administration of 160 mg/kg, where a significant egg count reduction was noted and 64.9%.

The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay example -- English Lit

The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Jekyll and Hyde was written by Robert Louis Stevenson during the Victorian era. This is significant because during this period, society is very different from today’s society. When looking at this novella it is also important to consider the ideas of good and evil in the characters of Jekyll and Hyde. During the Victorian era men were more powerful and the women had a lower ranking. The belief of society were such that people were covered completely and were forced to appear ‘non-sexual’. This leads to the two layers of society - a surface layer which was very polite, well-mannered and refined, and a ‘repressed’ layer where people (more significantly men) expressed their unacceptable side though visiting prostitutes and involved in ...

Non Verbal Communicaton

Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal communication plays a crucial role in interpersonal communication. This is even more visible when individuals do not share a common language. Outsourced (2006), explores the journey of an American manager named Todd Anderson. His company, Seattle-based Company Western Novelty, outsources its call center to Gharapuri, India and Todd must travel to India in order to train the new staff and manager. Nonverbal communication is present throughout the movie as Todd, works through the language barrier and is introduced to a new culture, values and rituals.In this paper, nonverbal communication demonstrated in the movie is analyzed and discussed as it relates the research of Argyle (1988), Archer (1997), et al. Adler (2011) defines nonverbal communication as messages expressed through non-linguistic means. Research has shown that in communication, the verbal content only is only responsible for 7% of the message, while vocal cues such as pitch and intonation account for 38%, and facial expression an overwhelming 55% (Mehrabian, 1968). Nonverbal communication can be performed through facial expressions, proximity, and body movements.Argyle (1988) describes the five primary functions of Nonverbal Behavior – 1) Expression of Emotion, 2) Communication of Interpersonal Attitudes, 3) Accompany and Support Speech, 4) Self-Presentation, 5) Rituals. In the movie Outsourced (2006), examples of each of these functions of nonverbal behavior are observed. The face plays a particularly important role in showing emotion. Ekman (1982) classified facial expressions of emotion into six categories: happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, and disgust/contempt.Throughout the movie Outsourced (2006) emotions were expressed by the characters through their facial expressions, body movements, and voice. Early in the movie, Todd visits the Indian call center for the first time. As he walks around the office Todd stops in his tracks with a surprised lo ok on his face as he sees a cow standing right next to the call center’s clock. A few days later in a team meeting, emotions are expressed through nonverbal behavior by the call center staff as Todd answers questions about the product catalog from his team.An employee asks about the purpose of a product. Todd replies that the product is used to brand cows. The employees are outraged, and display facial expressions of disgust/contempt as they learn that cows, sacred animals in their culture, are having logos burned into their flesh in the United States. In another scene, Todd experiences a terrible stomach ache from Indian food. He rushes home with a worried look on his face as he fears he will not make it home in time. His facial expression of fear amplifies as he arrives home only to find that his toilet is being replaced.The repair men point him in the direction of downstairs bathroom where he discovers there is neither a toilet nor toilet paper and he must relieve himself in a hole in the ground and use his left hand for cleaning. Later in the movie, Todd’s boss from Seattle unexpectedly shows up in India and announces that the call center will be relocated to China where the cost of operation is even cheaper. Todd’s facial expressions body movements and the tone of his voice show the anger he feels toward his boss for moving the call center and sadness when he must tell the staff that they will be losing their jobs.Throughout the movie, Todd and Asha show nonverbal indications happiness, smiling and laughing together as they become romantically involved and enjoy each other’s company at work and outside of the office. Nonverbal signals such as tone of voice, gaze, and touch play an important part in establishing and maintaining relationships (Argyle, 1988). Argyle (1988) writes that â€Å"the most basic meaning of touch is that an interpersonal bond is being offered or established† (p. 226).Furthermore, eye contact can gi ve important cues of attitudes and emotions. In the movie Outsourced (2006), Asha and Todd make a trip to an Indian island to retrieve merchandise that was shipped to the wrong address. After traveling for five hours and taking a ferry, they successfully retrieve the merchandise, but are forced to spend the night on the island after the ferry breaks down. When they arrive at the hotel they find that the hotel is almost completely booked and they will have to share a room.After a brief argument about the situation and sleeping arrangements, Asha and Todd gaze deep into each other’s eyes nonverbally communicating their attraction and feelings for each other. From there they kiss and proceed to physically express their admiration for each other through sex. Nonverbal communication plays an important role in supporting speech during communication (Argyle, 1988). In the movie Outsourced (2006), nonverbal communication plays an important role in situations where Todd must communica te with local people who speak little or no English.On Todd’s first day in India he approaches a street vendor to purchase a drink. The vendor does not speak English and Todd uses his index finger to single the number â€Å"one†. Through this gesture he is able to communicate his desire for one drink which is understood by the vendor. Shortly after this scene, Todd is escorted by Puro to a local bed and breakfast owned by the friend of a Puro. The hostess, Todd, and Puro sit down for midday snack and begin making conversation. Todd picks up some snacks with his left hand and begins eating.Both the hostess and his friend Puro look at him in shock. They proceed to try and tell him that eating with your left hand is considered crude and offensive in India because the left hand is traditionally used to clean oneself after using the toilet. When Todd is unable to understand an older man napping in a chair stands up, walks over to the table and makes the motion of wiping his behind with his left hand to help Todd understand. Self-Presentation, a person’s appearance, grooming, and dress is also a form of nonverbal communication (Non-Verbal Communication, n. . , para. 2). (Richmond & McCroskey, 2004) note that people generally form their first impressions about others based on their looks, attire, and attractiveness. In the movie Outsourced (2006), Puro dresses in a suit and tie when meeting Todd. By wearing the traditional Western culture attire for a manager, Puro projects the professional image of an American businessman. Rituals, the use of greetings, handshakes or other practices are also an important part of nonverbal communication (Argyle, 1988).When Todd meets Puro in Gharapuri, they shake hands as Puro welcomes Todd to India. In another scene at the office, Puro brings Todd a tray of food that he says will help Todd with his stomach problems. Todd kindly thanks him, and Puro bows to say you are welcome to Todd. (Archer, 1997) states t hat â€Å"gestures are definitely not a universal language, as people who have worked, lived, or studied abroad may have noticed. † In many cases, gestures from different societies may look similar but have dramatically different meanings.In the movie Outsourced (2006), Todd and Asha discuss differences in the meaning of words between British English, the form of English traditionally studied in India, and American English. For example, in British English, French fries are called chips. While not presented in the film it is important to recognize that nonverbal communication and gestures may mean different things in different cultures just like in verbal communication. In the movie Outsourced (2006), Todd is invited outside of his hotel to have dinner with a family in the nearby slums.The family gestures for him to sit with them and then they proceed to serve him a plate of food. An older woman smiles at Todd while he is enjoying the food and makes a hand gesture of the famil iar American â€Å"OK†. The gesture seemed to have a common understanding in this scenario, but in many cases gestures do not mean the same thing in cross culture interactions. For example, the gesture used by many Americans for â€Å"OK† is seen in the movie. This gesture is similar in many ways to gestures in other cultures but has a very different meaning.In Japan the gesture means â€Å"money†, whereas in France it means â€Å"zero†, and in Ethiopia it means â€Å"homosexuality†. As shown in this scenario, the use of gestures in cross- cultural interaction carries the potential for confusion, embarrassment, or insult. Nonverbal communication through the use of facial expressions, body movements, gestures, or positions play a significant role in interpersonal communication. The use of nonverbal communication to express emotion, communicate interpersonal attitudes, support speech, and aid people in self-presentation and cultural rituals is observ ed throughout the movie Outsourced (2006).Gestures, like words and phrases spoken language, may carry different meaning in different cultures. Therefore, it is important for people working in different countries or people from different backgrounds to be aware of this so they are less likely to encounter confusion, controversy, or offend someone during cross cultural interactions.References Adler, R. (2011). Understanding Human Communication. 11th ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Archer, D. (1997). Unspoken Diversity: Cultural Differences in Gestures. Qualitative Sociology, 20(1), 79-105. Argyle, M. (1988). Bodily Communication, 2nd ed. New York, NY: Methuen. Ekman, P. (1982). Emotion in the Human Face, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Mehrabian, A. Communication without words, Psychology Today, 1968, 2 (4), 53-55. Non-Verbal Communication. Retrieved from http://siteresources. worldbank. org/EXTGOVACC/Resources/NonverbalCommweb. pdf Richmond, V. P. , & McC roskey, J. C. (2004). Nonverbal Behavior in Interpersonal Relations. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon/Pearson Education.

Key Events in the Life of Leni Riefenstahl Essay Example

Key Events in the Life of Leni Riefenstahl Essay Example Key Events in the Life of Leni Riefenstahl Essay Key Events in the Life of Leni Riefenstahl Essay Outline the key events in the life of Lenin Referential Lenin Referential was born on the 22nd August 1902 in Berlin and in her young life grew a developed skill in classical dancing which led to many of her experiences throughout her life. Refrigerants dancing career began in 1 921 and continued until 1 925, it was in this time that the expressionist movement was booming in Berlin and Referential became a central figure of this movement. She persuaded the leading theatre manager and producer, Max Reinhardt to sign her up as a professional dancer. Her dancing career although only lasting 4 years saw her traveling all across Europe, it ended abruptly after she suffered a major setback injuring her knee. Following her experience on the stage Referential began acting in 1 926 and starred in many films exhibiting the mountain genre. Her first film The Holy Mountain, directed by Arnold Fancy premiered in 1926 and officially began her acting career, which in the coming years would see her star in 5 more Fancy films. Referential was commonly depicted as the heroine of the films as he demonstrates her determination and bravery, carrying out the climbing scenes herself. By 1933 Lenin was a highly popular movie star in Germany. After staring in five films Referential spent much time with the directors of the film and as she felt fitting decided to begin directing films. The Blue Light 1932 was her first released directed film and exhibited the techniques she had experienced when filming with Fancy, for this reason her film was extremely well received by the audiences and was extremely successful. In her making of films she was persuaded to witness Hitler address the German public at the Berlin Rally, it is here that her fascination with the man was expressed to the point where she wrote a letter asking to meet him. Hitters response to Refrigerants request to meet with him was taken positively and in May 1 932 Hitler and Referential met at Wilhelmina on the Baltic Coast. It was in this meeting that Hitler asked Lenin to direct movies for his Nazi party and she quickly became part of Hitless inner circle. Triumph of the Will 1934 was Lenss first propaganda film depicted Hitler and his Nazi party. The film of the 1 934 Emergent Rally was shown only as a newsreel and not as a film, Hitler desired to see his rallies directed as a film so he gave Lenin unrestricted access to resources to guarantee that the film would be complete to the highest standard. She assembled her own film crew and produced a film that that was deliberately devised to promote the image of Hitler as the leader of German people. Lenin spent 5 months editing over 100000 meters of film before Triumph of the Will was released in 1935. Olympia was Lenss second directed film under the influence of Hitler, although it was not meant to be a propagandist film, it was widely perceived as this and was not appreciated for its originality and new techniques. After the initial release of the film Lenin traveled all around Europe and in 1938 she visited the United States, this visit coincided with the Night of the broken glass that led Americans to question Lenss involvement with the Nazis. This begun her rejection in America and led to her being blacklisted in 1938 as the head of the Nazi film industry Refrigerants life, with her involvement in the Nazi party was tested on her inclusion with the party and fell sick; she faced legal and financial struggles. She emerged again after a time in seclusion as a photographer traveling to Africa to capture tribes that had been untouched by the Western society. Her name, still sparking controversy leaves her legacy crushed, and will never be remembered without her inclusion in the Nazi party. She died on the 8th of September 2003 shortly after her 101 SST birthday as the great dancer, actor, photographer and director Of the propagandist Nazi films.

Free Essays on Expressive Paper

A place I visited as a child was forced into my memory very recently. This place is known around the world as The World Trade Center of New York City. When news hit of the building’s destruction, vivid memories of my time atop the one hundred ten story building began to reform in my mind. Visualizations, sounds, sense of touch, and even emotional memories zipped through my head like a surge of electricity. It is as if I am there again. The wind struck my face as I stepped onto the roof of the World Trade Center. The air on the street level was hot, but the summer heat was not felt at the elevation of this rooftop. Immediately, the cold wind numbed my face, not from the temperature, but from the force in which the wind pressed on my skin. I walked to my left and placed my hand on the metal railing for support. The railing was cold, so cold that it seemed to affect the functioning of my arm. My entire body was cold now and I was only wearing a short sleeve t-shirt. As I stood on the building the only sound I could hear was of the wind bombarding my eardrum. My dad called me to another side of the roof, I followed. As I approached the railing I realized the wind was no longer blowing directly in my ear, and I began to hear sounds. The echoing of car horns and vehicle motors rose from the street with an enormous rumble. Although I was one hundred and ten stories high, I could hear the many sounds of the city that never sleeps. I peered over the railing and was awestruck by the view that lay in my path of sight, thousands of buildings that seemed to touch the sky. None of those buildings were as high as the Trade Center. Millions of tiny black squares were spotted on the sides of the buildings like holes in a termite mound. It was then that I realized the complexity and quantity of life in New York City. From this height, I could see mi... Free Essays on Expressive Paper Free Essays on Expressive Paper A place I visited as a child was forced into my memory very recently. This place is known around the world as The World Trade Center of New York City. When news hit of the building’s destruction, vivid memories of my time atop the one hundred ten story building began to reform in my mind. Visualizations, sounds, sense of touch, and even emotional memories zipped through my head like a surge of electricity. It is as if I am there again. The wind struck my face as I stepped onto the roof of the World Trade Center. The air on the street level was hot, but the summer heat was not felt at the elevation of this rooftop. Immediately, the cold wind numbed my face, not from the temperature, but from the force in which the wind pressed on my skin. I walked to my left and placed my hand on the metal railing for support. The railing was cold, so cold that it seemed to affect the functioning of my arm. My entire body was cold now and I was only wearing a short sleeve t-shirt. As I stood on the building the only sound I could hear was of the wind bombarding my eardrum. My dad called me to another side of the roof, I followed. As I approached the railing I realized the wind was no longer blowing directly in my ear, and I began to hear sounds. The echoing of car horns and vehicle motors rose from the street with an enormous rumble. Although I was one hundred and ten stories high, I could hear the many sounds of the city that never sleeps. I peered over the railing and was awestruck by the view that lay in my path of sight, thousands of buildings that seemed to touch the sky. None of those buildings were as high as the Trade Center. Millions of tiny black squares were spotted on the sides of the buildings like holes in a termite mound. It was then that I realized the complexity and quantity of life in New York City. From this height, I could see mi...

Pension Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pension Investment - Essay Example Personal investment decisions are made in the context of wider economic, social, economic and policy. In addition, ethics and regulation are known to have a significant impact on the structure of distinct investment products and the nature of distinct investment plans and strategies. More so, personal investment decisions should be based on a number of factors outside an individual control such as setting of interests by financial institutions like banks and inflation and other factors within an individual control such as making choices about the mix of assets that a person holds (Mazzucato et al, 2010 p. 53). All financial planning demands or requires a comprehension of how domestic or local context-in this case a person’s particular situation – is part of broader context incorporating the role of government and economy. It is rational to argue that at some particular point in life, an individual will save. By not using our money in the present, saving gives us an oppo rtunity to set aside resources for the future. People all over the world save differently depending on their vulnerability to unexpected changes in economic and personal conditions (Fabozzi, 1997 p. 45). Governments in the world encourage their citizens to save and cease the act of utilizing their money in present times because there are times when things change in both wider society and at personal level. Gillani’s investors should provide him with necessary financial information in order to help him implement effective financial education programs such as choosing the best method to invest in depending on the performance of economy and the interest rates that financial institutions charge. Gillani will benefit from his financial knowledge in the sense that he be in a position to attend one on one counseling sessions on his personal savings or finances thus making have lower debts and fewer delinquencies. It is important to note that risks can be calculated in the sense that people can assign possibilities or probabilities to likely future changes such as on the grounds of how results happened in the past. For example, if shares in the past have earned higher returns than bonds, then, people can assume that they will do so in the future. This kind of calculation is uncertainty that is generated by social and economic changes. The financial services sells financial products such a unit trust, life funds, saving accounts and pensions are the main products for personal savings or investments. . Investors make decisions based on information available to produce markets that price effectively. In order to make future investments, individuals must take risks considering that shares and stock are more risky to invest in but in the long run, they have higher returns than cash and bonds. It is also vital for Gillian to know that investors need to be assured that financial institutions such as banks are sane and that financial advisors and providers are acting i n an ethical or moral way. This is attained via formal ways of regulation and that financial services bodies own ethical codes and practices (Fabozzi, 1997 p. 73). These codes of ethics are engineered in the context of government policies that focus to regulate the domestic and international economy in pursuit

Alzheimer's disease Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Alzheimer's disease - Research Paper Example There are many challenges when dealing with the disease. Those who are affected, however, may find comfort in some outreach programs offered to both the patient and his or her family. This paper explores the causes, diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease as well as its devastating effects on the individual who has it and on the people around him or her, usually members of the family, and recommendations on how it can be prevented or at the least, delay its adverse effects. Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that progressively destroys memory and thinking, eventually leading to dementia and the inability to do the simplest of tasks. It occurs mostly among older people above the age of sixty years (Singh et al., 2011). It is the most common form of adult-onset dementia which affects over 5 million people in America alone. Thus far, there has been no known cure for this disease, although research on at least delaying the adverse effects of the disease has been very promising (Trends e-Magazine, 2012). The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that currently 35.6 million people currently have Dementia and will increase to 65.7 million by the year 2030 and further increase to 115.4 million in the year 2050 (Wimo & Prince, 2010). Of the 5.4 million people in America living with Alzheimer’s disease, 5% are men and 6% are women over sixty years. Unless the prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease controlled, as many as 16 million Americans will be afflicted by it by the year 2050. As of 2012, the cost of caring for people with Alzheimer’s and other dementias sum up to about $200 billion, which is expected to balloon to $1.1 trillion per year by mid-century (Alzheimer’s Association, 2012). In the state of California, the following estimates of people aged 65 and older have Alzheimer’s Disease